Environment Friendly Toilet System in Railways

    Discharge on Railway tracks, besides leading to environmental issues creates problems for workmen on track also. The solution to this issue is haunting railways for years. The Gwalior based  Defense Research and Development Organization has come out with a solution to this problem. They have developed the green toilet system and technology.  An MoU has been signed by railways with DRDO for technology development.

            The first prototype rake with bio toilets was developed and trial was conducted successfully.

            Now this odourless and hygienic bio toilets are fitted in the KochuveliBangalore Express running between Thiruvananthapuram and Bangalore, which has become the first train from the Kerala and in Southern Railways fitted with bio toilets.  Railways plans to manufacture 25,00 coaches with Bio toilets during 2012-13.

            Unlike traditional toilets which discharge waste on the railway  tracksthe new toilet treat the waste in a tank below the coaches. Bacteria in the tank convert the waste into harmless gas and water. The left over in the tank is free from harmful germs.

From Post Office Clerk to President- Pranab Mukherji

Mr Pranab Mukherjee took the oath of office and secrecy as the 13th President of the country at the Central Hall of Parliament here on Wednesday.

The Chief Justice of India, Mr Justice S.H. Kapadia, administered the oath, at an elegant ceremony attended by top leaders and officials.

Mukherjee was born on 11 December 1935 in  Birbhum district in the Bengal province of British India. His father Kamada Kinkar Mukherjee, was a member of the Indian National Congress during the Indian Independence movement and had spent more than ten years in British jails. Mukherjee’s mother’s name was Rajlakshmi Mukherjee.

He holds a Master of Arts degree in History and Political science and also a degree in Law from the University of calcutta.

Mukherjee began his career as an upper-devision clerk in the office of the Deputy Accountant-General (Post and Telegraph) in Culcutta. After getting above academic degrees, he became professor in a college in Birbhum district and later he also worked as a journalist for the Bengali publication Desher Dak.

SB Aptitude Test Eligibility Criteria:-

1. All Postal Assistants who have completed one year’s service on 30th June or 31st December of the year in which test is conducted shall be eligible to appear.

2. Test will be conducted twice in a calendar year i.e in the month of February and August.

3. Candidates who have completed one year’s service as on 31st December shall be eligible for appearing in the test to be held in February and

4. Those who have completed one year’s service as on 30th June shall be eligible for appearing in the test to be held in August.

5. There will be no restriction on number of times a candidate can appear.


source:sapost

MODEL QUESTION FOR IPO EXAMINATION - PAPER III

MODEL QUESTION FOR IPO EXAMINATION - PAPER III

1      The members of the Rajya Sabha are elected by            Elected members of the legislative assembly

2     The power to decide an election petition is vested in the High Courts

3     The preamble says that the state in India will assure the dignity of the individual. The constitution seeks to achieve this object by guaranteeing Equal fundamental rights to each citizen

4     The minimum age of the voter in India is      18    Years

5 The president addresses both the Houses of Parliament assembled together First session after each general election and the first session of each year

6 . The president can dissolve the Lok Sabha on Advice of the prime minister

7 . The oath of office is administered to the Governor by the Chief justice of high court

8. The parliament can legislate on the subject in the state list If the Rajya Sabha passes a resolution by two-third of its to legislate on a state matter in the national interest

9 The president can expend out of the Contingency Fund of India Without the approval of the Parliament

10 The members of the Rajya Sabha are elected for a term  Six years

11 The Objectives Resolution was unanimously adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 22nd January 1947

12 The name of a candidate for the office of president of India may be proposed by Any ten members of the Electoral College

13 The minimum number of members that must be present to hold the meeting of the Lok Sabha is One-tenth of the total membership of the Houses

14 The preamble to our constitution provided that India is a sovereign, socialist, secular and democratic republic

15 The minimum age required to become the prime minister of India is 25 years

16  The president can be removed from his office before the expiry of his normal term only on the recommendation of The two Houses of Parliament

17 The oath of office is conducted to the president by The chief justice of India

18  The phrase 'procedure established by the law' means The judges in India cannot question the fairness or validity of a law, provided it is within the limits of the constitution

19   The Parliament of India can make use of the residuary powers At  all  times

20  The power to prorogue the Lok Sabha rests with The president

Source: http://nfpemavelikaradivision.blogspot.com

Central employees demand seventh pay commission, march to parliament on 26th July

The Confederation of Central Government Employees will take out a march to Parliament on July 26, demanding constitution of the Seventh Pay Commission and dismantling of the new pension scheme.

Talking to reporters in Chennai, general secretary of the Confederation M. Duraipandian said though the Centre had trumpeted that the Sixth Pay Commission had increased the salary of the employees by 28 to 40 per cent, increase in petrol prices and hike in the price of essential commodities had proved that salary hike was not adequate.

“CONSTITUTE 7TH PAY COMMISSION”

“The only way out is constitution of the Seventh Pay Commission. Many private sector companies in Tamil Nadu revise the salaries of their employees once in four months. In transport sector it is done in every three years. The insurance sector has seen revision of pay nine times. We need pay revision once in five years,” he said.

Bleak future
Mr. Duraipandian said the new pension scheme was against the interest of the employees as the government had plans to invest the money in the share market and it would create bleak future.

Source : The Hindu.

Computer Awareness

1. In a survey of more than 500 companies and government agencies, ____________ percent detected computer security breaches.
A. 20
B. 75
C. 85
D. 99
Answer: C

2. The survey showed that these businesses lost more than ____________ due to security breaches.
A. $100,000 each
B. $377 million
C. five employees each
D. $1 million
Answer: B

3. The typical computer criminal is a(n):
A. young hacker.
B. trusted employee with no criminal record.
C. trusted employee with a long, but unknown criminal record.
D. overseas young cracker.
Answer: B

4. The majority of computer crimes are committed by:
A. hackers.
B. insiders.
C. overseas criminals.
D. young teenage computer geniuses.
Answer: B

5. The common name for the crime of stealing passwords is:
A. spooling.
B. identity theft.
C. spoofing.
D. hacking.
Answer: C Reference: Theft by Computer

Reasoning ability and Numerical Aptitude

1. Suresh is taller than Prabhu but shorter than Ram, Prabhu is as tall as Neeraj but taller than Nilesh. Which of the following statements is definitely true for Neeraj?
(a) Neeraj is shorter than Nilesh
(b) Neeraj is the tallest
(c) Neeraj is the shortest
(d) Neeraj is taller than Nilesh
(e) None of these
Ans: ( d ) Neeraj is taller than Nilesh

2. How many such pairs of letters are there in the word STAINLESS each of which has as many letters between them in the word as they have in the English alphabet, in the same sequence?
(a) Two
(b) Three
(c) Four
(d) Five
(e) None of these
Ans: ( e ) None of these

3. What will come in place of the question mark (?) in the following sequence? ARRANGEMENTS, RRANGEMENT, RANGEMEN, ?, NGEM
(a) RANGEME
(b) ANGEME
(c) ANGEMENT
(d) NGEMEN
(e) None of these
Ans: ( b ) ANGEME

4. Four of the following five are alike in a certain way and so form a group. Which is the one that does not belong to that group?
(a) Baking
(b) Steaming
(c) Cooking
(d) Frying
(e) Boiling
Ans: ( c ) Cooking

5. Four of the following five are alike in a certain way and so form a group which is the one that does not belong to that group?
(a) Radish
(b) Orange
(c) Pear
(d) Mango
(e) Apple
Ans: ( a ) Radish

6. Four of the following five are alike in a certain way and so form a group. Which is the one that does not belong to that group?
(a) Earth
(b) Moon
(c) Saturn
(d) Pluto
(e) Venus
Ans: ( b ) Moon

7. If water is called food, food is called drink, drink is called blue, blue is called red, red is called white and white is called brown, then what is the colour of ?blood? ?
(a) Blue
(b) Red
(c) Brown
(d) White
(e) Drink
Ans: ( d ) White

8. In a certain code language, the word ENQUIRY is written as YRIUQNE. How will the word REQUIRE be written in the code language ?
(a) QERUERI
(b) REQUERI
(c) ERIUQER
(d) IREUQER
(e) None of these
Ans: ( c ) ERIUQER

Good Tips to write E-Mails

Today, where almost every one of us interacts virtually, writing Emails is the most extensive and exhaustive activity we do daily. Therefore there is a need to follow some important etiquette which can make our virtual communication effective and impressive. Here are some Email Rules which we should follow in our day-to-day email communications; office or personal. We call them ‘Email Etiquette’.

1. Format your Mail:

Stick to the most common font styles as in Arial, Verdana, Times New Roman, etc. If you wish to add color, it should not be anything other than black, blue. Keep your mail in Left Indent format. This is the American style and currently being followed.

2. Avoid long Sentences/Paragraphs:

Limit your sentences to a maximum of 20 words if possible. Split your message into multiple sentences if it exceeds the limit. Avoid extending one paragraph beyond 5 lines. Maintain a blank line between each paragraph and keep your email structured.

3. Handling Multiple Recipients:

If you are sending a message to more than one person, it is advisable to keep the recipients in ‘Bcc’ instead of ‘To’. This will avoid publicizing the recipients’ email address without their explicit permission. Also in such case, address the recipients by ‘Hi’, ‘Hello’, ‘Greetings’, etc.

4. Handle Gender Appropriately:

If the recipient is female, address as ‘Ms. X’ (this is irrespective of the female being married or single). If the recipients’ gender is not known, keep your email context gender neutral.

5. Avoid Emoticons and Abbreviations:

Avoid abbreviations and using ‘Smiley’s, especially in official communications.

Pranab Mukherjee elected as new President

 Pranab Mukherjee was on Sunday elected as the 13th President, marking a new journey for the veteran Congress leader after over four decades of life in active politics.

He declared elected as President, polling 69.3% votes with a value of 7,13,763, said Returning Officer.

Mukherjee, UPA nominee, got 5,64,469 vote value, well beyond the half-way mark of 5,25,140 in an electoral college of over 10.5 lakh when counting of votes polled by the MPs and MLAs of 20 of the 30 states was completed.

His rival P A Sangma, who was backed by BJP and some other opposition parties like AIADMK and BJD, could manage only 2,57,466 vote value, according to Rajya Sabha Secretary General V K Agnihotri, who is the Returning Officer for the poll.

As Mukherjee headed for victory, senior ministers, including A K Antony and P Chidambaram, went to his 13, Talkatora Road residence to greet him.

“He will be a great President. We wish him all the success,” Chidambaram told reporters outside his residence.

As expected, Mukherjee won with the backing of UPA partners, including Trinamool Congress which had announced its support only at the last minute. Outside supporters of UPA, including Samajwadi Party and BSP, besides some opposition parties like JD(U) and Shiv Sena also voted in his favour.

SIGNS AND SYMBOLS

. & (Ampersand) The ampersand was, at least until well into the nineteenth century, treated as the twenty-seventh letter of the alphabet, but its star has fallen, so that now it is used only informally except in registered names of businesses (“Ay, Bee & See Inc.”), which should be written as rendered; a comma preceding it is extraneous. The symbol comes from the cursive formation of the Latin word et (“and”), and the name is a slurring contraction of “and per se and,” which used to terminate schoolroom recitals of the alphabet:

. * (Asterisk) The asterisk is used to call out a footnote or to refer to an annotation of special terms or conditions, to substitute for letters in profanity (“Oh, s***!”) or a name rendered anonymous (“the subject, M***”), to serve as a low-tech alternative to a typographical, or provide emphasis in place of boldface (“Do *not* go there — the food is awful.”). It also has many specialized technical usages. Its name is derived from the Greek term asteriskos, meaning “little star,” and it was originally applied to distinguish date of birth from other references to years.

. @ (At Sign)